A five-time mayor of fin-de-siècle Vienna, Dr. Karl Leuger (1844–1910) was a pioneering populist who mixed nationalism, anti-Semitism, and socialism into a potent brew that drew the wrath of Emperor Franz Joseph and the admiration of a young Adolf Hitler. Although city officials have recently taken half-measures to obscure his former prominence, Lueger’s unacknowledged influence continues to this day.