He is the author of the book, Money and the Rule of Law: Generality and Predictability in Monetary Institutions and the forthcoming books From Property, Liberty: A Rational Reconstruction of Distributism; The Medieval Constitution of Liberty: Foundations of Political Liberalism in the West (with Andrew Young) and The Law and Economics of Outer Space Property Rights (with Eytan Tepper).

His many articles and reviews have appeared in such scholarly journals as the Journal of Institutional Economics; Advances in Austrian Economics; Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization; Contemporary Economic Policy; Review of Austrian Economics; Journal of Private Enterprise; Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice; Jurisprudence​; Journal of Air Law and Commerce; Public Choice; Social Science Quarterly; Georgia Journal of International and Comparative Law; Christian Libertarian Review; Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance; Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy; Libertas: Segunda Época; Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization; Journal of Macroeconomics; Review of Social Economy; Constitutional Political Economy; Journal of Business Valuation and Economic Loss Analysis; Business and Politics; The Independent Review; Journal of Sports Economics; NYU Journal of Law and Liberty; Libertarian Papers; Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control; Economic Affairs; Economics and Politics; Journal of Financial Services Research; Stanford Technology Law Review; American Political Science Review; Cosmos + Taxis: Studies in Emergent Order and Organization; Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking; Procesos de Mercado: Revista Europea de Economía Política; Cato Journal; Journal of Prices and Markets; and New Perspectives on Political Economy.

In addition, Professor Salter's popular articles have appeared in the Wall Street Journal, National Review, U.S. News and World Report, The Hill, Washington Times, Abilene Reporter-News, The Daily Caller, Lubbock Avalanche-Journal, The Space Review, RealClearMarkets, Space News Magazine, Space News Magazine, The American Conservative, American Institute for Economic Research, Front Porch Republic, The Imaginative Conservative, Quillette, Dallas Morning News, Foundation for Economic Education, RealClearPolicy, Atlas Network News + Analysis, Future of Freedom, and The Freeman.

He is the recipient of the New Faculty Achievement Award, Prize for Best Paper in Austrian Economics, Journal of Private Enterprise Best Paper Award, Israel M. Kirzner Award for Outstanding Dissertation, William P. Snavely Award for Outstanding Achievement in Graduate Studies in Economics, Vernon Smith Prize, Young Scholar Award, Hayek Fund for Scholars, Marcia Whitney Scholar, Don Lavoie Prize, and E. C. Harwood Award.