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Working Papers

Working Papers are research articles that have been submitted to the Independent Institute or written by our Fellows, but have not yet been published or peer reviewed. Independent maintains this index of working papers in order to help disseminate, discuss, and improve important ideas. Authors welcome informed comments. If you would like to submit your paper for possible inclusion please email the paper’s abstract to Independent’s Research Director, William F. Shughart II.

A Brief History of Checkpoints (And What to do About Them)
An Introduction to Economics as a Moral Science
Effects of Criminal Procedure on Crime Rates
Mapping Out the Consequences of The Exclusionary Rule
Economic Principles of Constitutions
An Economic Analysis of Constitutional Law
Constitutional Causes for Technological Leadership: Why Europe?
The Demand for Democide
An Instrumental Variables Analysis
Political Yardstick Competition, Economic Integration, and Constitutional Choice in a Federation
Conflicts of Interest in the Hollywood Film Industry
Of Arms, Freedom, and Capitalism
What Piers Morgan Does Not Know
Individual Unemployment Accounts
Privatizing the Adjudication of Disputes
Rational Irrationality and the Microfoundations of Political Failure
Standing Tiebout on His Head
Tax Capitalization and the Monopoly Power of Local Governments
When Is Two Better than One?
How Federalism Mitigates and Intensifies Imperfect Political Competition
The Logic of Collective Belief
Has Leviathan Been Bound?
A Theory of Imperfectly Constrained Government with Evidence from the States
The Creation of Knowledge in Society: Waste Defined by Property and Exchange
More and Better: Resources Defined Through Property and Exchange
Retail Innovations in American Economic History
The Rise of Mass-Market Merchandisers
The Statute that Time Forgot
18 U.S.C. Section 3501 and the Overhauling of Miranda
Individual Unemployment Accounts
Do Good Laws Make Good Citizens?
An Economic Analysis of Internalizing Legal Values
Nation of Origin Bias and the Enforcement of Immigration Laws by the Immigration and Naturalization Service
Life Expectancy, Health Care, and Economics
Prostitution and Sex Crimes


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