Policy debates about environmentalism, development, and free-market capitalism often revolve around conflicting understandings of the relationship between nature and freedom. Fortunately, a nearly forgotten philosophical tradition—from pre-Socratic Greece—gives us useful ideas for clarifying these debates by offering a thoughtful approach to the question, What exactly is nature?

Energy and the EnvironmentEnvironmental Law and Regulation
Other Independent Review articles by Louis E. Wolcher
Fall 1999 A New and Superior Theory of Ideology?